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THE APPLICABLE LAW GOVERNING
ARBITRATION PROCEEDINGS
Abstract
Makalah ini mendiskusikan tentang hukum yang akan digunakan dalam proses beracara di arbitrase, bagaimanakah cara menentukannya dan bagaimana pula hukum internasional mengatur mengenai hal ini. Walaupun sudah ada pengaturan umum ini dimana terdapat teori lex arbitri is lec loci arbitri, namun adalah sangat menarik untuk membahas bagaimana Indonesia mengatur hukum yang akan digunakan dalam beracara di arbitrase, mengingat beberapa kali pemerintah Indonesia telah kecolongan akibat mengabaikan pentingnya pemilihan hukum beracara ini. Walaupun penentuan nya juga bisa didasarkan pada kesepakatan pihak, hendaknya pihak yang terlibat dalam suatu sengketa dan bersepakat untuk menyelesaikan kasus mereka ke arbitrase tatap harus berhati-hati ketika melakukan pemilihan dikarenakan akan terkait dengan beberapa hal yang penting dalam proses arbitrase dan bisa berakibat fatal misalnya dibatalkannya putusan arbitrase dikarenakan salah dalam memilih hukum yang akan digunakan ketika beracara di arbitrase, dan ada baiknya juga dalam persetujuan yang telah dibuat oleh para pihak hukum beracara ini dicantumkan secara jelas.
Introduction
There are a number of systems of laws that may simultaneously apply in international commercial arbitration. Those laws are divided into five aspects to which these relate namely the law governing the parties relating to the capacity of the parties entering into an arbitration agreement; the law governing the arbitration agreement and performance of that agreement; the law governing the existence and proceedings of the arbitral tribunal (lex arbitri); the law or the relevant legal issue, governing the substantive issue in dispute, usually describe as applicable law or the substantive law and The law governing the recognition and enforcement. [1] These five laws in a contract can be all the same, and also can be very different from one another.
There is another opinion regarding the laws in arbitration. It is mentioned that there are three laws that apply in international commercial arbitration. Those laws are; the law to govern the substance of the contract, the law to govern the arbitration agreement, and the law govern the arbitration procedure. In practice generally these three laws would be the same, but sometimes these laws are different from one another. The differences of these law in arbitration, can be caused by many reasons, for instance because of the will of the parties themselves.[2]
